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Things You Need to Know About Leaking Heart Surgery

Leaky heart surgery is a medical procedure that aims to overcome the disruption of blood flow in the heart that has reached the severe category. The operation is carried out if the administration of drugs is deemed unable to cope optimally. The heart organ consists of four chambers, namely two porches and two chambers, which are separated by a divider. In these barriers there are valves that can open and close to regulate the direction of blood flow, both from the heart and towards the heart. A heart leak occurs when there is a hole in the heart block or there is a disruption in the function of the heart valve, which causes blood to not flow properly. To fix this, doctors can perform surgery, commonly known as a leaky heart surgery.

Conditions that require a leaky heart surgery

Heart leak due to holes in the bulkhead is generally caused by congenital heart disease, such as ASD (atrial septal defect), VSD (ventricular septal defect), and PFO (patent foramen ovale). While the heart is leaking due to impaired valve function, it can be caused by hypertension, endocarditis, or rheumatic heart disease. Although not always cause symptoms, a heart leak can cause sufferers to experience dizziness, headaches, chest pain, difficulty breathing, palpitations, and swelling and blueness in limbs. When you experience it, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor. If the leak in the heart is large enough, clean and dirty blood can be mixed. In this condition, a leaky heart surgery needs to be done immediately. If not, various complications such as heart failure, stroke, to other life-threatening conditions can occur.

Types of Heart Surgery Leaking

Leaky heart surgery will be adjusted to the cause of the condition, whether due to interference with heart valves or holes in the screen. In accordance with the conditions that you experience, there are at least three choices for heart leak surgery, as follows:

Heart valve repair surgery

To overcome the heart leak due to heart valve disorders, surgery can be performed to repair or replace the heart valve. Even so, heart valve repair operations are more common. Because besides being considered easier, this technique also has a lower risk of infection than heart valve replacement surgery. This step also allows the patient does not need to take blood-thinning medication throughout life after surgery. Heart valve repair surgery can be divided into several types, namely:
  • Annuloplasty: Valve repair surgery by installing a special ring around the heart valve, so that it can close again properly.
  • MitraClip: Operation of the installation of clips (clips) on the heart valve, to reduce heart leakage.
  • Patching: A leaky heart valve is patched with patches from other body tissue or artificial tissue.
  • Repair of the heart valve support structure: This operation is performed to modify the valve support muscles to close as they should.
  • Re-establishment: Heart valves are reshaped by cutting and stitching back, until the shape is appropriate and functioning normally

Heart valve replacement surgery

If the heart valve cannot be repaired, for example due to heart valve damage that is severe enough, then the heart valve needs to be removed then replaced. There are two choices of substitute valve manufacturing materials, namely:
  • Natural ingredients: Made from animal heart tissue (cow or pig) or human heart (donor). This valve can last for 10-15 years and then needs to be replaced again, because the quality can decrease over time.
  • Synthetic: Usually made of plastic or. This valve can last a lifetime, but patients need to continue taking blood-thinning drugs to prevent blood clots.

Surgery to close the heart bulkhead hole

Heart leak because the hole in the heart block can be treated by closing the hole with fillings. Patches can be made from the patient's pericardial tissue (heart lining) or from artificial materials that match the heart's tissue. Over time and the help of artificial materials, the heart's original tissue will grow to close the hole by itself and the material will become part of the heart. The types of operations above can be done with open heart surgery (open heart surgery) or with catheterization. Before performing a leaky heart surgery, tell your condition as much detail as possible, including the history of the disease, medications taken, as well as habits, such as smoking. Also discuss the choice of types and surgical procedures, to the risk of complications. After surgery, recovery time generally takes around 8 weeks. If after a leaky heart surgery, you experience a fever or an irregular heartbeat, go immediately to your heart doctor.

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